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          LV01-12-C语言-printf扩展
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
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              <table>    <tr><td align="center">参考方向  </td><td align="center">参考原文</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">---</td><td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">--- <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr></table>
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              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">---</td>        <td align="left">--- <a href="" target="_blank">  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></td>      </tr></table>
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<p>前边我们已经了解到了 printf 函数是可以打印出带颜色的提示信息的，接下来我们来使用宏定义重新定义一下printf，便于我们调试。</p>
<h1 id="一、颜色值"><a href="#一、颜色值" class="headerlink" title="一、颜色值"></a><font size=3>一、颜色值</font></h1><p>字体颜色和背景颜色值如下：</p>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td align="center" colspan=2>字体颜色</td>
        <td align="center" colspan=2>背景颜色</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">30</td>
        <td align="center">黑色</td>
        <td align="center">40</td>
        <td align="center">黑色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">31</td>
        <td align="center">红色</td>
        <td align="center">41</td>
        <td align="center">红色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">32</td>
        <td align="center">绿色</td>
        <td align="center">42</td>
        <td align="center">绿色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">33</td>
        <td align="center">黄色</td>
        <td align="center">43</td>
        <td align="center">黄色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">34</td>
        <td align="center">蓝色</td>
        <td align="center">44</td>
        <td align="center">蓝色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">35</td>
        <td align="center">紫色</td>
        <td align="center">45</td>
        <td align="center">紫色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">36</td>
        <td align="center">深绿色</td>
        <td align="center">46</td>
        <td align="center">深绿色</td> 
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td align="center">37</td>
        <td align="center">白色</td>
        <td align="center">47</td>
        <td align="center">白色</td> 
    </tr>
</table>


<h1 id="二、宏定义"><a href="#二、宏定义" class="headerlink" title="二、宏定义"></a><font size=3>二、宏定义</font></h1><h2 id="1-调试类型"><a href="#1-调试类型" class="headerlink" title="1.调试类型"></a><font size=3>1.调试类型</font></h2><p>我们平时打印的信息大概会有这几种：错误、警告和信息</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> ERROR   <span class="string">&quot;ERROR&quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 错误 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> WARN    <span class="string">&quot;WARN &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 警告 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> INFO    <span class="string">&quot;INFO &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 信息 */</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="2-颜色定义"><a href="#2-颜色定义" class="headerlink" title="2.颜色定义"></a><font size=3>2.颜色定义</font></h2><h3 id="2-1字体"><a href="#2-1字体" class="headerlink" title="2.1字体"></a><font size=3>2.1字体</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——字体颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> CLS_ALL        <span class="string">&quot;\033[0m&quot;</span>  <span class="comment">/* 清除所有颜色 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[30m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[31m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[32m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[33m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[34m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[35m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[36m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[37m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色字体 */</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-2背景"><a href="#2-2背景" class="headerlink" title="2.2背景"></a><font size=3>2.2背景</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[40m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[44m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[45m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[46m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[47m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色背景 */</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-3带背景的字体"><a href="#2-3带背景的字体" class="headerlink" title="2.3带背景的字体"></a><font size=3>2.3带背景的字体</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景的字体 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_RED      <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_GREEN    <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_YELLOW   <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄底黑字 */</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="3-调试信息的开关"><a href="#3-调试信息的开关" class="headerlink" title="3.调试信息的开关"></a><font size=3>3.调试信息的开关</font></h2><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> DEBUG_ENABLE  1           <span class="comment">/* 是否开启调试信息 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> LOG_LEVEL     DEBUG_ALL   <span class="comment">/* 调试信息显示级别 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 调试等级枚举类型定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="title">DEBUG_LEVEL</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_OFF   = <span class="number">0</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ERROR = <span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_WARN  = <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_INFO  = <span class="number">3</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ALL   = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="4-宏定义"><a href="#4-宏定义" class="headerlink" title="4.宏定义"></a><font size=3>4.宏定义</font></h2><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> MYDEBUG(TYPE, COLOR, FMT, ARGS...) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        do \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            <span class="keyword">if</span>(DEBUG_ENABLE &amp;&amp; (DEBUG_##TYPE &lt;= LOG_LEVEL)) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(COLOR); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][%s:%s:%d]&quot;</span>FMT, TYPE, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##ARGS); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(CLS_AL<span class="string">L&quot;\n&quot;</span>); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#125; while(0)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【参数说明】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>TYPE ：调试类型，可选值有ERROR、WARN和INFO。</li>
<li>COLOR : 打印信息的颜色。</li>
<li>FMT ：格式化字符串，与 printf 一致。</li>
<li>ARGS … ：可变参数，与 printf 一致。</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="三、时间戳"><a href="#三、时间戳" class="headerlink" title="三、时间戳"></a><font size=3>三、时间戳</font></h1><p>有的时候，我们想要打印出的数据带上时间戳，类似这样：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[12-4 12:00:05]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样其实也是可以做到的，这样打印出时间戳有时候对我们也是很有用的。</p>
<h2 id="1-时间函数"><a href="#1-时间函数" class="headerlink" title="1.时间函数"></a><font size=3>1.时间函数</font></h2><p>在linux中有很多的时间函数可以获取到当前的系统时间，由于我们的代码大部分是跑在linux系统上，所以这里就使用linux内核为我们提供的时间函数来获取时间戳。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-clock-gettime"><a href="#1-1-clock-gettime" class="headerlink" title="1.1 clock_gettime()"></a><font size=3>1.1 clock_gettime()</font></h3><p>在linux下可以使用man命令查看该函数的帮助手册。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">clock_gettime</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">clockid_t</span> clk_id, <span class="keyword">struct</span> timespec *tp)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于获取时间，它的计量单位为十亿分之一，就是纳秒( ns )。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>clk_id ： clockid_t 类型，表示要获取的时间的类型。</li>
</ul>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看取值详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CLOCK_REALTIME	         从<span class="number">1970.1</span><span class="number">.1</span>到目前的时间</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_MONOTONIC	         系统启动到现在的时间</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID	 线程所消耗的时间</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID 进程所消耗的时间</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW	     基于硬件时间</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE	 不精确的REALTIME</span><br><span class="line">CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE	 不精确的启动时间</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在这里我们可以使用 CLOCK_REALTIME 来获取时间。</p>
              </div>
            </details>

<ul>
<li>tp ：truct timespec 类型结构体指针变量，他有两个成员，分别代表秒和纳秒。</li>
</ul>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看结构体成员 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <p>结构体定义在 time.h 文件中</p><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">time_t</span>   tv_sec;        <span class="comment">/* seconds */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">long</span>     tv_nsec;       <span class="comment">/* nanoseconds */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<p><strong>【返回值】</strong> int 类型，成功返回 0，失败返回 -1。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> <span class="title">ts</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &amp;ts);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意】</strong> none </p>
<h3 id="1-2-localtime-函数"><a href="#1-2-localtime-函数" class="headerlink" title="1.2 localtime() 函数"></a><font size=3>1.2 localtime() 函数</font></h3><p>在 linux 下可以使用 man 3 localtime 命令查看该函数的帮助手册。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">struct</span> tm *<span class="title function_">localtime</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">time_t</span> *timep)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">struct</span> tm *<span class="title function_">localtime_r</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">time_t</span> *timep, <span class="keyword">struct</span> tm *result)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数可以把 time() 或 gettimeofday() 或者clock_gettime()得到的秒数（ time_t 时间或日历时间）变成一个 struct tm 结构体所表示的时间，该时间对应的是本地时间。 localtime_r() 为 localtime() 函数的可重入版本，更加推荐使用。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>timep ： time_t 类型指针变量，该参数包含了一个日历时间，也就是上边获取时间函数获取的那个秒数。</p>
</li>
<li><p>result ： struct tm 类型结构体指针变量，该参数为可重入版本的函数 localtime_r() 所有，转换后的本地时间将存放在该参数指向的结构体中。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看 struct tm 结构体成员 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <p>在使用 man 手册的时候，下边会有这个结构体成员的说明：</p><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">tm</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_sec;    <span class="comment">/* 秒 Seconds (0-60) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_min;    <span class="comment">/* 分 Minutes (0-59)*/</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_hour;   <span class="comment">/* 时 Hours (0-23) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_mday;   <span class="comment">/* 日 Day of the month (1-31) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_mon;    <span class="comment">/* 月 Month (0-11) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_year;   <span class="comment">/* 年 Year - 1900 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_wday;   <span class="comment">/* 周 Day of the week (0-6, Sunday = 0) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_yday;   <span class="comment">/* 一年中的第几天 Day in the year (0-365, 1 Jan = 0) */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> tm_isdst;  <span class="comment">/* 夏令时 Daylight saving time */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>【注意】要想得到实际的时间，那么年份需要加上 1900 ，月份需要加上 1 。这是因为这个函数内部转换的时候，年份从 1900 开始算，月份从 0 开始算了。</p>
              </div>
            </details>

<p><strong>【返回值】</strong> struct tm 类型的结构体指针，成功则返回一个有效的 struct tm 结构体指针，而对于可重入版本 localtime_r() 来说，成功执行情况下，返回值将会等于参数 result ；失败则返回 NULL 。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">tm</span> <span class="title">nowTime</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">time_t</span> tm;</span><br><span class="line">tm = time(<span class="literal">NULL</span>);</span><br><span class="line">localtime_r(&amp;tm, &amp;nowTime);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意】</strong> none </p>
<h2 id="2-获取时间字符串"><a href="#2-获取时间字符串" class="headerlink" title="2. 获取时间字符串"></a><font size=3>2. 获取时间字符串</font></h2><p>我们通过上边的两个函数就可以获取到一个时间，然后我们将其封装成一个函数，让其返回一个时间字符串，让printf打印的时候打印出来就可以啦。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 获取时间函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *<span class="title function_">timeString</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> <span class="title">ts</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &amp;ts);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">tm</span> *<span class="title">timeinfo</span> =</span> localtime(&amp;ts.tv_sec);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">char</span> timeString[<span class="number">30</span>];</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">sprintf</span>(timeString, <span class="string">&quot;%.2d-%.2d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d&quot;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_mon + <span class="number">1</span>, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_mday, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_hour, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_min, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_sec);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> timeString;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>通过这个函数我们就可以得到当前打印的时候的系统时间，例如：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, timeString());</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样我们就会得到这样的一个时间：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">12-04 08:23:15</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我们用于printf的时候就会打印出这个时间字符串啦。</p>
<h1 id="四、文件名"><a href="#四、文件名" class="headerlink" title="四、文件名"></a><font size=3>四、文件名</font></h1><p>其实我们这个例子中只有一个文件，所以C语言的预定义宏  <strong>FILE</strong> 是可以只打印出文件名，其实这个是会包含路径的，当我们的工程目录较深的时候，又想知道是哪个文件中的打印数据，这而路径太长又会影响，我们只想要文件名怎么办呢？其实也是可以做到的，我们可以使用相关函数去掉路径。</p>
<h2 id="1-strrchr"><a href="#1-strrchr" class="headerlink" title="1. strrchr()"></a><font size=3>1. strrchr()</font></h2><p>在linux下可以使用man命令查看该函数的帮助手册。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *<span class="title function_">strrchr</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *s, <span class="type">int</span> c)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于在参数 s 所指向的字符串中搜索最后一次出现字符 c（一个无符号字符）的位置，并返回这个位置，注意这里的返回值也是指针类型，这也就意味着它返回的是一个地址，我们可以使用这个地址访问这个字符 c 位置开始的数据。这样我们就可以使用这个函数来找到路径中的  &#x2F; 字符，然后只要它后边的文件名即可。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>s ： char *类型，表示要查找的字符串。</p>
</li>
<li><p>c ： int 类型，表示要查找的字符。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong> char *类型，该函数返回 str 中最后一次出现字符 c 的位置。如果未找到，则函数返回一个空指针。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>none</p>
<p><strong>【注意】</strong> none </p>
<h2 id="2-获取文件名"><a href="#2-获取文件名" class="headerlink" title="2. 获取文件名"></a><font size=3>2. 获取文件名</font></h2><p>我们就可以定义一个宏，来获取文件名，如下所示：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// windows</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> filename(x) (strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;\\&#x27;</span>)?(strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;\\&#x27;</span>) + 1):x)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// linux</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> filename(x) (strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>)?(strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>)+1):x)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样，我们就可以这样使用定义的宏啦：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, filename(<span class="string">&quot;/a/b/c/d/file.c&quot;</span>));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后我们就会得到一个不包含路径的文件名啦、</p>
<h1 id="五、使用实例"><a href="#五、使用实例" class="headerlink" title="五、使用实例"></a><font size=3>五、使用实例</font></h1><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> DEBUG_ENABLE  1           <span class="comment">/* 是否开启调试信息 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> LOG_LEVEL     DEBUG_ALL   <span class="comment">/* 调试信息显示级别 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> ERROR   <span class="string">&quot;ERROR&quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 错误 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> WARN    <span class="string">&quot;WARN &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 警告 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> INFO    <span class="string">&quot;INFO &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 信息 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——字体颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> CLS_ALL        <span class="string">&quot;\033[0m&quot;</span>  <span class="comment">/* 清除所有颜色 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[30m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[31m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[32m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[33m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[34m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[35m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[36m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[37m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[40m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[44m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[45m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[46m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[47m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景的字体 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_RED      <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_GREEN    <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_YELLOW   <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 调试等级枚举类型定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="title">DEBUG_LEVEL</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_OFF   = <span class="number">0</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ERROR = <span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_WARN  = <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_INFO  = <span class="number">3</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ALL   = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> MYDEBUG(TYPE, COLOR, FMT, ARGS...) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        do \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            <span class="keyword">if</span>(DEBUG_ENABLE &amp;&amp; (DEBUG_##TYPE &lt;= LOG_LEVEL)) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(COLOR); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][%s:%s:%d]&quot;</span>FMT, TYPE, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##ARGS); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(CLS_AL<span class="string">L&quot;\n&quot;</span>); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#125; while(0)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* code */</span> </span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(ERROR, BLACK_RED, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, BLACK_GREEN, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(WARN, BLACK_YELLOW, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_BLACK, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_BLUE, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_CYAN, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_GREEN, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_PURPLE, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_RED, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_WHITE, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    MYDEBUG(INFO, F_YELLOW, <span class="string">&quot;%s&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;hello World!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>显示效果如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV01-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/LV01-12-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80-printf%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95/img/image-20221108223600467.png" alt="image-20221108223600467" style="zoom:50%;" />

<h1 id="六、自用printf"><a href="#六、自用printf" class="headerlink" title="六、自用printf"></a><font size=3>六、自用printf</font></h1><p>经过上边的实例以及相关内容的了解，我们可以定义一个自己的printf函数，它可以包含时间戳，文件名，函数名以及函数的行号，这样在我们查看打印信息的时候会很方便。</p>
<h2 id="1-常用调试宏定义"><a href="#1-常用调试宏定义" class="headerlink" title="1. 常用调试宏定义"></a><font size=3>1. 常用调试宏定义</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-debug-printf-h"><a href="#1-1-debug-printf-h" class="headerlink" title="1.1 debug_printf.h"></a><font size=3>1.1 debug_printf.h</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">ifndef</span> __DEBUG_PRINTF_H__</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> __DEBUG_PRINTF_H__</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> DEBUG_ENABLE  1           <span class="comment">/* 是否开启调试信息 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> LOG_LEVEL     DEBUG_ALL   <span class="comment">/* 调试信息显示级别 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> ERROR   <span class="string">&quot;ERROR&quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 错误 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> WARN    <span class="string">&quot;WARN &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 警告 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> INFO    <span class="string">&quot;INFO &quot;</span>           <span class="comment">/* 信息 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——字体颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> CLS_ALL        <span class="string">&quot;\033[0m&quot;</span>  <span class="comment">/* 清除所有颜色 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[30m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[31m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[32m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[33m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[34m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[35m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[36m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> F_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[37m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色字体 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLACK        <span class="string">&quot;\033[40m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黑色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_RED          <span class="string">&quot;\033[41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_GREEN        <span class="string">&quot;\033[42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_YELLOW       <span class="string">&quot;\033[43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_BLUE         <span class="string">&quot;\033[44m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 蓝色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_PURPLE       <span class="string">&quot;\033[45m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 紫色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_CYAN         <span class="string">&quot;\033[46m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 青色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> B_WHITE        <span class="string">&quot;\033[47m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 白色背景 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 颜色定义——背景的字体 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_RED      <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;41m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 红底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_GREEN    <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;42m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 绿底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLACK_YELLOW   <span class="string">&quot;\033[30;43m&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 黄底黑字 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 调试等级枚举类型定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="title">DEBUG_LEVEL</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_OFF   = <span class="number">0</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ERROR = <span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_WARN  = <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_INFO  = <span class="number">3</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    DEBUG_ALL   = <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//===========================================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 自定义类型和字体颜色 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> MYDEBUG(TYPE, COLOR, FMT, ARGS...) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        do \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            <span class="keyword">if</span>(DEBUG_ENABLE &amp;&amp; (DEBUG_##TYPE &lt;= LOG_LEVEL)) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(COLOR); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][%s:%s:%d]&quot;</span>FMT, TYPE, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##ARGS); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(CLS_AL<span class="string">L&quot;\n&quot;</span>); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#125; while(0)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//===========================================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 平时调试使用 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">// 时间函数用</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> filename(x) (strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>)?(strrchr(x,<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>)+1):x)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> NORMAL_DEBUG 1 <span class="comment">// 注意使用下边两个宏需要自己添加换行，比较符合平时的习惯</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 获取时间函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *<span class="title function_">timeString</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> <span class="title">ts</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &amp;ts);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">tm</span> *<span class="title">timeinfo</span> =</span> localtime(&amp;ts.tv_sec);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">char</span> timeString[<span class="number">30</span>];</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">sprintf</span>(timeString, <span class="string">&quot;%.2d-%.2d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d&quot;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_mon + <span class="number">1</span>, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_mday, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_hour, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_min, </span><br><span class="line">          timeinfo-&gt;tm_sec);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> timeString;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 获取系统时间戳 单位 ms</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sys_pts_get_ms</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> <span class="title">tv</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> lasttime = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &amp;tv);</span><br><span class="line">    lasttime = tv.tv_sec * <span class="number">1000</span> + tv.tv_nsec / (<span class="number">1000</span> * <span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> lasttime;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> HKPRT(fmt...) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        do \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            <span class="keyword">if</span>(NORMAL_DEBUG) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(F_YELLOW); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][HK_LOG][%s:%d][%s]&quot;</span>, timeString(), filename(__FILE__), __LINE__, __FUNCTION__); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(CLS_ALL); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(fmt); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#125; while(0)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> HKPRTE(fmt...) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        do \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            <span class="keyword">if</span>(NORMAL_DEBUG) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(F_RED); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][HK_LOG][%s:%d][%s]&quot;</span>, timeString(), filename(__FILE__), __LINE__, __FUNCTION__); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(CLS_ALL); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">                printf(fmt); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">            &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">        &#125; while(0)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-2-main-c"><a href="#1-2-main-c" class="headerlink" title="1.2 main.c"></a><font size=3>1.2 main.c</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;debug_printf.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">int</span> *p = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">int</span> a = <span class="number">100</span>;</span><br><span class="line">  MYDEBUG(INFO, F_CYAN, <span class="string">&quot;hello world!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  HKPRT(<span class="string">&quot;hello world!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  HKPRTE(<span class="string">&quot;hello world!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  HKPRT(<span class="string">&quot;hello world! %s\n&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;ifanhua&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  HKPRTE(<span class="string">&quot;hello world! %s\n&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;ifanhua&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-3-Makefile"><a href="#1-3-Makefile" class="headerlink" title="1.3 Makefile"></a><font size=3>1.3 Makefile</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># .elf 可执行文件只能在已装Linux的开发板中运行</span><br><span class="line"># .bin 可执行文件可以在未装Linux的开发板中运行</span><br><span class="line">##======================================================##</span><br><span class="line">TARGET          := main</span><br><span class="line">##======================================================##</span><br><span class="line">## 工具设置</span><br><span class="line"># 设置交叉编译器</span><br><span class="line">ifeq ($(ARCH), arm)</span><br><span class="line">CROSS_COMPILE   := arm-linux-gnueabihf-</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">CROSS_COMPILE   :=</span><br><span class="line">endif</span><br><span class="line">CC              := $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc</span><br><span class="line"># 设置连接工具</span><br><span class="line">LD              := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld</span><br><span class="line"># 设置格式转换工具     </span><br><span class="line">OBJCOPY         := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy</span><br><span class="line"># 设置反汇编工具</span><br><span class="line">OBJDUMP         := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump</span><br><span class="line"># 设置删除符号表工具</span><br><span class="line">OBJDUMP         := $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip</span><br><span class="line"># 设置addr2line工具</span><br><span class="line">OBJDUMP         := $(CROSS_COMPILE)addr2line</span><br><span class="line">CFLAGS          += -g</span><br><span class="line"># NFS路径</span><br><span class="line">NFS_ROOTFS                := /home/hk/<span class="number">4</span>nfs/imx_rootfs</span><br><span class="line">NFS_DRIVER_DIR            := $(NFS_ROOTFS)/<span class="number">01</span>driver</span><br><span class="line"># TFTP 相关路径</span><br><span class="line">TFTP_SERVER_DIR           := /home/hk/<span class="number">3</span>tftp/imx6ull</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">##======================================================##</span><br><span class="line">## 目录路径设置</span><br><span class="line"># 头文件路径设置(.h)</span><br><span class="line">INCDIRS 		:= .</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 源文件路径设置(.S .C)</span><br><span class="line">SRCDIRS			:= .</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 生成的中间 .o 文件的位置 (注意 链接脚本文件中定义了段的话也要注意修改路径)</span><br><span class="line">OBJDIRS         := .</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 链接脚本文件位置</span><br><span class="line">LDSDIRS         := .</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">##======================================================##</span><br><span class="line"># 获取LDS链接脚本文件</span><br><span class="line">LDSFILES        := $(foreach dir, $(LDSDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)<span class="comment">/*.lds))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 生成链接器的 -T file_name.lds 参数 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">LDSCFLAGS	    += $(patsubst %, -T %, $(LDSFILES))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 生成编译器的 -I dir_path 参数 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">INCLUDE			:= $(patsubst %, -I %, $(INCDIRS))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 获取所有的 .S 文件和 .C 文件名称(包含路径)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">SFILES			:= $(foreach dir, $(SRCDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.S))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">CFILES			:= $(foreach dir, $(SRCDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 获取所有的 .S 文件和 .C 文件名称(不包含路径)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">SFILENDIR		:= $(notdir  $(SFILES))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">CFILENDIR		:= $(notdir  $(CFILES))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 指定所有的 .S 文件生成的 .o 文件路径及 生成的 .o 文件名(包含将要存放的路径)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">SOBJS			:= $(patsubst %, $(OBJDIRS)/%, $(SFILENDIR:.S=.o))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">COBJS			:= $(patsubst %, $(OBJDIRS)/%, $(CFILENDIR:.c=.o))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 将所有要生成的 .o 文件合并到一个变量中(都包含路径)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">OBJS			:= $(SOBJS) $(COBJS)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 设置源文件路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">VPATH			:= $(SRCDIRS)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">##======================================================##	</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 生成可执行文件	</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 生成目标文件	   </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">$(TARGET): $(OBJS)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o $@</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 隐含规则推导相关中间文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">$(SOBJS) : $(OBJDIRS)/%.o : %.S</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) $&lt; -o $@</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">$(COBJS) : $(OBJDIRS)/%.o : %.c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) -c $&lt; -o $@ </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">install:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@sudo cp -vf $(TARGET) $(NFS_DRIVER_DIR)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">uninstall:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@sudo rm -rvf $(NFS_DRIVER_DIR)/$(TARGET)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">##======================================================##	</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 清除文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">.PHONY: clean clean_o</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 删除所有编译链接生成的文件命令</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">clean: clean_o</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@rm -vf $(TARGET) </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 删除所有的 .o 文件命令</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">clean_o:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@rm -vf *.o</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">##======================================================##</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 打印相关变量内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">printf:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;LD        = $(LD)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;INCDIRS   = $(INCDIRS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;SRCDIRS   = $(SRCDIRS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;INCLUDE   = $(INCLUDE)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;LDSDIRS   = $(LDSDIRS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;SFILES    = $(SFILES)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;CFILES    = $(CFILES)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;LDSFILES  = $(LDSFILES)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;SFILENDIR = $(SFILENDIR)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;CFILENDIR = $(CFILENDIR)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;SOBJS     = $(SOBJS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;COBJS     = $(COBJS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;OBJS      = $(OBJS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;VPATH     = $(VPATH)&quot;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-4-最终效果"><a href="#1-4-最终效果" class="headerlink" title="1.4 最终效果"></a><font size=3>1.4 最终效果</font></h3><p>这里就懒得放图片了，大概打印的内容如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[INFO ][main.c:main:20]hello world!</span><br><span class="line">[12-04 08:43:47][HK_LOG][main.c:21][main]hello world!</span><br><span class="line">[12-04 08:43:47][HK_ERR][main.c:22][main]hello world!</span><br><span class="line">[12-04 08:43:47][HK_LOG][main.c:23][main]hello world! ifanhua</span><br><span class="line">[12-04 08:43:47][HK_ERR][main.c:24][main]hello world! ifanhua</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="2-错误打印屏蔽"><a href="#2-错误打印屏蔽" class="headerlink" title="2. 错误打印屏蔽"></a><font size=3>2. 错误打印屏蔽</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-出现的问题"><a href="#2-1-出现的问题" class="headerlink" title="2.1 出现的问题"></a><font size=3>2.1 出现的问题</font></h3><p>我们在写代码的时候会判断一个函数的返回值，若是执行出现错误，最好就是打印出错误信息，可是有些程序这里是一个循环，每次都会进，每次都会出现问题，那么打印就会一直刷，打印信息也是会占用资源的，狂刷的话，会影响我们其他功能，那怎么屏蔽呢？接下来来看一个实例吧。</p>
<h3 id="2-2-打印屏蔽实例"><a href="#2-2-打印屏蔽实例" class="headerlink" title="2.2 打印屏蔽实例"></a><font size=3>2.2 打印屏蔽实例</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;time.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="title function_">int</span> <span class="params">(*PRT_FILTER_FUNC)</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> func[], <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> line, <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> filterTime)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">print_filter</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> func[], <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> line, <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> filterTime)</span>;</span><br><span class="line">PRT_FILTER_FUNC errPrtFilter = print_filter;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> PRT_MAX_PRT_LOC_CNT (32)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> gPrtLocSum[PRT_MAX_PRT_LOC_CNT] = &#123;<span class="number">0</span>&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> gPrtLocTime[PRT_MAX_PRT_LOC_CNT] = &#123;<span class="number">0</span>&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> gPrtLogIdx = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> errDebug = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> <span class="title function_">sys_pts_get_ms</span><span class="params">()</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timespec</span> <span class="title">tv</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> lasttime = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/*CLOCK_REALTIME：这种类型的时钟可以反映wall clocktime，用的是绝对时间*/</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/*当系统的时钟源被改变，或者系统管理员重置了系统时间之后，这种类型的时钟可以得到相应的调整*/</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/*CLOCK_MONOTONIC：用的是相对时间，他的时间是通过jiffies值来计算的*/</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/*该时钟不受系统时钟源的影响，只受jiffies值的影响。*/</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &amp;tv);</span><br><span class="line">    lasttime = tv.tv_sec * <span class="number">1000</span> + tv.tv_nsec/(<span class="number">1000</span> * <span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> lasttime;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">print_filter</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> func[], <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> line, <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> filterTime)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> curTime = <span class="number">0</span>, maxTime = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> sum = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 获取当前时间</span></span><br><span class="line">	curTime = sys_pts_get_ms();</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//提取特征</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(func[i])</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		sum += func[i];</span><br><span class="line">		i++;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	sum = ((sum &amp; <span class="number">0x1FFF</span>) &lt;&lt; <span class="number">19</span>) + ((line * i) &amp; <span class="number">0x7FFFF</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 匹配最近一次打印 </span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; PRT_MAX_PRT_LOC_CNT; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(gPrtLocSum[i] == sum &amp;&amp; maxTime &lt; gPrtLocTime[i])</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			maxTime = gPrtLocTime[i];</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(curTime &gt; maxTime &amp;&amp; (curTime - maxTime) &lt; filterTime)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>; <span class="comment">// 短时间内连续打印，需要屏蔽</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	gPrtLocSum[gPrtLogIdx] = sum;</span><br><span class="line">	gPrtLocTime[gPrtLogIdx] = curTime;</span><br><span class="line">	gPrtLogIdx = (gPrtLogIdx + <span class="number">1</span>) % PRT_MAX_PRT_LOC_CNT;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> PRTE(fmt...)   \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">do &#123;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (errDebug)  \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    &#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    	<span class="keyword">if</span>(errPrtFilter &amp;&amp; errPrtFilter(__FUNCTION__, __LINE__, 10000)) \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    	&#123; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    		printf(<span class="string">&quot;[%s][%d]...&quot;</span>, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">       		printf(fmt); \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    	&#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">    &#125; \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&#125;while(0)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span>(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        PRTE(<span class="string">&quot;i = %d\n&quot;</span>, i);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;i = %d\n&quot;</span>, i++);</span><br><span class="line">        i %= <span class="number">100</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        sleep(<span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>最终效果就是：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV01-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/LV01-12-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80-printf%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95/img/image-20241113231845220.png" alt="image-20241113231845220" />

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